Water-wheel governor.



JOHNy PERSG'N, OF SOMERSET, vWSCONSN, ASSXGIOR OF ONE-HALF TO JaTLlJESF. WILLIAMSON, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

WATER -WHEEL GOVERNOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

rateiitea ret. es, rais.

pplcatioii led March 19,.199. Serial No. 484,454.

T0 all uf/wm it may concern:

Be it knovvn that I, JOHN Pearson, a citi- Zen of the United States,residing at Soinerset, in the county ofA St. Croix and State ofVilisconsiii, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inTater-theel 'Grovernors;A and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, suchas -vvillenable others signed to meet the requirements of efficient speedregulation of Water ivlieels. `Many of the advantages derived from theapplication of my improved speed controller to water ivlieels, alsoresult from the application thereof to other motors, but for thepurposes of cleariiess and definiteiiess, the fol-l loiving comments andillustrations are made iii respect to the usev of the improved governorin connection ivitli a Water vvheel.

lilith a given head of ivater, a predetermined desired speed of a Waterivlieel, under changing Working loads, isniaintained by a regulation ofthe Water supplied to the wheel-g and for this purpose an adjustablegate or inlet valve (which constitutes the speed controlling .element ofthe Water inotoi') is commonly provided. To render the poivcr of thewater ivhecl available to move the Water ivheel gate it has also beencustomary to employ a reversible so-called` "i differential ordynaniometer gearing, which gearing usually involves a clutch orfriction device by vvliichV the gearing is tliroivn into and out ofaction, directly or' indirectly, by vvater Wheel driven centrifugalballs or Weights. A clutch or friction device in such arrangementrequires considerable poWeito operate it and, hence, cen- `trifiigalballs or Weights of very considerable size iave necessarily beenprovided.

Heavy centrifugal balls or Weights do not respond quickly to changes inspeed, and for this reason the governors or speed controllershithertoprovided for the regulaL ti'on of'ivater Wheels have notniettherequirfementshfof the service. It has been found that in a speedcontrolling mechanism of ythis kind including heavy balls or Ayveights,if theivorking loadbe suddenly and materially increased, thatthasaidballs or Weights Will not respond quickly and thev`4openingmovement of the gate Will'not be started as quickly as itshould, and consequently,ftliere4 will; be a material reduction ofthespeed of the Water Wheel. i. Again, if

the' Working load be suddenly and materially increased, the heavycentrifugal balls or Weights ivill be too slow in their move-- nient,and. consequently the openingmovement ofthe gatevvill be delayedI t'oolong, with the obvious result that in thisinstance also the speed oftherivater ivheel will be materially reduced. 1

In the present application, as in the prior patent, I am able to employvery light flyballs iii combination with floating electrical contacts;and these fioating contacts actuate the relay contacts and the relaycontact-s control the current for the friction brake magnets. Thisarrangement makes it possible and highly practicable to use very smalland' light centrifugal balls or Weights, ruiming at very high speed. lnfact, a very small and very sensitive tachometer such as that known tothe trade as the Shaef'er and Budenberg tachometer, Which.. is eX-treniely sensitive to speed changes can be' advantageously employed,lilith this electrical relay, the current usedin the primary andi'ioating contacts may` be extremely small, in fact, sosinall thatsparks produced between the floating contacts are scarcely perceptibletothe naked eye,'vvhile the current used in the*` friction brakemagnets'may be relatively very strong, so that those ,mag-

nets will be sutlicieiitly povverful to throw intoaction the gearing orother mechanism used to adjust the speed controlling element of themotor. I also provide an improved device which I term an anti-racing de-A vice which is operative under initial movements of the gearing, ormechanism for adliusting the speed controlling element of the motor, tobreak the controlling circuitV of the electrical relay, and thus preventeX- powerful brake magnets.

cessive movements of the power controlling element ofthe motor and theconsequent racing of the motpr.

In applying my improved speed controlvlil'igmechanism to afwater wheel,I preferablyA employ a reversible diferentialgear ing for rendering thepower o f the water wheel available to adjust the power controlf lingelement, to-wit, the gate thereof. This differential gearing alsopreferably includes or is thrown into and out of action by a frictionbrake, which friction brakeis arranged to be actuated by the relativelyThe very small and sensitive centrifugal balls or weights which controlthe floating contacts are driven from the water wheel and, conse,-quently, are, ofcourse, subject to changes in speed thereof.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate, the invention appliedto awater wheel, like characters indicate like parts throughout the severalviews.

- Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view inelevation, showing the improved speed controlling mechanism applied toal turbine waterl wheel of standard construction; Fig. l2 is a detailview` partly in elevation and partly in vertical section showing, on alarger scale than Fig. 1, the so-called anti-racing device. in the formof a dash pot and pistonconnection between a part which is connected formovement with the gate of the water wheel, and certain of the primarycontact holders of the electrical relay; and Fig. 3 is a detail viewpartly in elevation andpartly Ain vertical section, showing on a largerscale than in Fig. 1 the centrifugally actuatedwater wheel drivengovernor balls or weights; Fig. 4: is'a'diagrammatic view showing theimproved speed controlling ,mechanism in modified form applied to aturbine water wheel of standard construction; and Fig. 5

is a detail view in side elevation, showing ries a driving shaft 5; andthe gate or valve 6 connected by a gear .segmenta and pinion 7a to thegate shaft 7, by means of which it is oscillated, in one direction toopen the inlet passage, and in theother direction to close said inletpassage. The wheel shaft 5 carries a'spur'gear 8 and a f larger spurgear 9. @n the gate shaft 7 is` a spur pinion 10. lThe power of thewater wheelmay, of course, be transmitted from the main shaft 5, throughpulleys and beltsor other devices, not shown, but which Lizaaeo futilized to move the gate 6, and to this end,

the wheel shaft; disconnected to the gate shaft 7, through a reversibledifferential gearing, preferably constructed as follows:

The numeral 11 indicates a counter shaft journaled in suitable bearings(not shown) and provided, preferably near one end, with a spurv pinionl12.' The numeral 13 indicates a" vertically movable vrack that mesheswith the pinions 10 and 12- and is guided for end-v wise slidingmovements by suitable keepers 14. Loosely mountedon the shaft 11 is a-large spur. gear 15 that meshes with the large gear 9 onV the wheelshaft 5. Also journaled on the shaft 11 is a spur gear 16 that alineswith the gear 8 on the wheel shaft 5.- The numeral 17 "indicates anintermediate spur. pinion that meshes with said two gears 8 and 16 andis journaled in suitable bearings (not shown). 'The gear 15 carries abevel gear 18 and the gear 16 carries a bevell gear 19. The countershaft11, adjacent to the bevel gear 18, is provided with one or more radiallyprojecting studs 20 ,upon which aren j'ournaled bevel pinions 21 thatmesh with said bevel gear 18. The numeral y22 indicates a bevel gearthat is 'loosely journaled `on the counter shaft 11 and meshes with thepinions 21 and is provided with or secured to a projecting friction diskor flange 23. Adjacent to the bevel gear 19 the counter shaft 11 isprovided with one or more radially projecting studs '24C on which aremounted bevel pinions 25 thatA mesh with said gear 19. Journaled on saidcounter shaft and meshing with saidpinions 25, is'a bevel gear 26 thatis secured to or provided with a projecting friction disk or -flange27.V lThe two fr ic` ti'on disks 23 and 27 are but slightly spacedapart, and working between the samel is a. f

non-rotary friction brake 'or plate 28. This friction brake, as shown,-is mounted forv lateral movement` into engagement with either ofthe twofriction disks, and it is supported and given such movements, by abrakelever 29, pivoted at its lower end and free to vibrate at itsupuper end. Said.

brake lever 29 is normally held in its central or intermediate position,with the friction brake 28 out of engagement with both of saidfrictiondisks, by means of a centering device preferably in the form ofa pair of pivoted arms 30 that are normally spring pressed against anintermediate stop 3l, and

the depending ends of which embrace the free upper end of said brakelever 29. @n each side of the free end of the brake lever 29 is one of apair of the brake magnets 32,

above referred to and hereinafter described.

in detail. `The upper end of the brake lever whichever of the two magnetand is adapted to be drawn'in one direction or the'fother, from itsnormal position, by 32 is energized. f

Operation of dfercna-Z gate actuat'a/ gear.-We'will assume, that the.water wheel 4 and shaft v are running in thedirection of the arrowmarked thereonl in Fig. l', and

thatthe gate 6 is closed rotary movement of the shaft 7, in thedirection of thearrow marked on said shaft 7, and iS/o ened, of course,by a reverse movement of said` shaft 7 When the brake 28 is, in itsintermediate or idle position shown in Fig. l, the two friction disks 23and 27, being /then' free from said brake,'are freely rotated in reversedirections and the counter shaft l1- will then remain stationary,because the parts which move on said counter shaft move in differentdirections. lVhen the right hand magnet 32 is energized, the brake 28 isthrown against the right hand friction \disk 27 sonthat the movements ofthe latter are stopped or retarded, thereby causing the counter shaft 11to be rotated in the direction .of the arrow marked thereon, and therebylowering 'the rack-13 and rotating the gate in the direction of thearrow marked onits shaft 7, to for toward its closed position.'A Vhenthe left hand magnet 32 is energized, the brake lever V2,9 is drawntoward the left, thereby throwing the brake 28 into frictional contactwith the friction disk 23 and thereby stopping orf retarding therotation of the bevel gear 22. When the motion of the bevel gear 22 isstopped or retarded, the counter shaft l1 will be rotated in thedirection reverse to that indicated by the arrow marked thereon, therack 13 will be raisedand the gate 6 will -be moved to or toward itswide open position.

rllhe numeral indicates a direct current generator cf standard or anysuitable construction. `The engagement of the primary iioating contactsis regulated by a small vcentrifu,f 1;al governor which, in one way oranother, is driven from and whose speed .is dependent upon that of thewater wheel 4. Uf the parts of .this centrifugal governor o 34aindicates a pair of resilient links that carry very small balls 34 andconnect the hub, of the gear 35 to a collar 36, through which gear andcollar a vertical shaft 37 is passed; The gear 35 is journaled in afixed bearing 38 and is held against endwise movement. The shaft 37'isfree to slide through the gear 35, but is provided with iixed collars 39that cause it to move vertically with the sleeve 36, under the action ofcentrifugal force of the balls 34. The gear 35 meshes with a gear 40 ofa shaft 41,

which shaft is journaled in suitable bear-1 ings (not shown) and isprovided with a pulley 42. A belt 43 runs over the pulleyv looselywithin the dash pot 54 is a pic*- 'the upper lever 48, and the 42 andover a pulley 44 on the water 'heel shaft 5, and thereby transmitsrnotior lrom the water wheel to the ball carrying shaft 37. `The lowerend loftie -z'ertically movable non-rotary shaft 37 is pivotaliyconnected to the intermediate portion of a piv oted contact-holder orlever 4G-#47 indicates a dash pot and piston, the stem ofthe vlatterbeing connected to the shaft 37 and serving to prevent the balls 34 andthe Contact lever 45 from fluttering.

n.46m indicates a by-pass on said dash pot. The contact lever 45 has aninsulated free end 45a'that is electrically connected to a wire a which,as shown, is connected to the positive side of the generator 33. Thislever end 45a ,constitutes one of the three floating contacts.

48 and 49 indicate centering levers or holders that arepivoted at 50.AThese centering levers are lyieldingly connected, by a light coiledspring 5l, that normally holdspose of the spring 51 is to yieldinglyhold said levers 4 8 and 49 against the said .stop 52; but this sameresult might be accomplished solely by the action of gravity.

' Of the parts of the antiracing device, the numeral 54 indicates a dashpot that is rigidly connected, as shown, by a stem 55, to they upper endof the rack 13. lllorking the rod 57 of which is provided, at it end,vwith .rollers or lateral project ns 58 that'y `engage one with theunder s ice of ,tirer with upper surface of the lower lever 49. Theweight 53 should be heavy enough to counter balance, not only the lever49, but also the piston 56 and its stcni. TVith this arrangement, if thepiston rod 5T moves upward, the lever 48 will be raised, and if saidpiston rod moves downward, lever 49 will be lowered.

56X indicates a by-pass for making piston 5G work easier or harder. I

59 indicates a tubular pipe valve that is rigidly supported at its upperend by suitable fixed brackets 60. This pipe, valve depends into thedash pot 54 and works through a perforation in the piston 56, as bestshown in Fig. 2. at its intermediate portion, the pipe valve 59 providedwith a partition or plug 6l and above and below said partition it isprovided with vertical slots @2-Gla. rlhe partition (3l is so locatedthat when the piston 56 stands in its intermedi/ate position, shown inFig. 2, no oil or other liquid contained. in the dash 'pot 54 can gothrough said pipe valve; but if the piston moves up or down, the oil cango through the slots 6l11 or .62 and through the piston, therebyallowing the piston to move more u lower floating contact o.

J armature levers and E.

`E and F are armature levers pivoted at their inner ends with the freeends subject,

freely, as will hereinafter more fully appear. Preferably, the pipeyalve59 is open at both ends. There should, of course, .always be someleakage between the piston 56 and the dash pot 54 and between saidpistonand the exterior 'of said pipe valve, so that the said piston cannot become locked or blocked in its intermediate position, by liquidcaged in Y the negative pole of generator 33 throughv wire r. Thecurrent for floating Contact 45 comes from the positive side ofgenerator 33, through wire a. With this arrangement, the

upward movement of the lever or Contact holder 4-5 will bring theintermediate float-` ing contact 45 into engagement with the upperfloating contact t, and downward movement of said lever or holder willbring said .contact 45a into engagement with the As shown, the innerterminals of the coil of the brake-actu ating magnet 32 are connected,by a wire w, `and, hence, to the negative terminals of the generator 33.-The outer terminals of the coils of the right and left hand brakeactuating magnet 32 are connected by wires la Aand j, respectively, tofixed contacts ,l and H. The said contacts H and J are located in closeproximity to the upper ends of the coresn and 0, respectively. Locatedclose to but just above the fixed contacts H and J, respectively, aresimilar contacts A and B. These two contacts A B are mounted on therespectively, to the magnet cores `o and n, and adapted to be movedupward by springs G to open the circuit, respectively, between thecontacts B-J and A-H.' The parts 1151-4-47, as already noted, constitutethe floating contacts, and it should be here stated that the parts A H BJ constitute a group of secondarycontacts. On the cores` n and o arelocated two solid copper rings? and y. If the small fluttering caused bythe governor balls 34, and thence by the lever l5 and Contact 45a. ismore than the dash pot 4G can take care of, then these-copper rings willstop entirely the fluttering of the relay'armatures F and E, by theheavy eddy currents set up in these rings when lever 45 is fluttering.Consequently, the relay armatures can be retarded as much as isnecessary by rings P and Q, and also when copper rings P and Q are onthe cores, it reduces the spark at the floating contacts lat-Jv. Bothretarding the suddenness or the -ielay' armatures F and JE, and reducingtheis'pa'rk at contacts ia-t-o, is very ini-portanti -H2 Vand J 2 arestops for armature levers F and E. M and N are condensers. Condenser Mconnects across contacts A-H. Condenser N connects across contacts B-J.Across condenser M, 1s connected 1n series, two 110 volt incandescentlamps M2. These are used to take up the kickof the brake magnet coilflhey help to reduce the spark at He-A and J-B. .The condensers N and Mtake up the `arc across the said contacts A-H and B-J and cause the'magnets 32 to release are mature and lever 29, more quickly, therebystopping the-gate from over-travel due to arcing at contacts A-H B-J.'ln practice l have found that the condensers serve to keep the said'contacts clean,'so thatwthey will always make good Contact and will notwea-r out so fast, as when said .condensers are` not employed.

V3 and`V2, yalso S3 and S2 are cut-out contacts actuated by the gatemovement, through the carrier or support 55m, which is bolted solid torack 13. Thesearev adjusted so that V3 and V2 cut the governor out ofaction when the gate has been closed to its proper position for normalspeed at friction load.;

Aand this is important when operating with alternators in parallel. Alsocut-out contacts S3 and S2 can be set so that the governor cannot openthe gate too fan.; and this is sometimes useful when operatingalternators, because the alternator may not be able to stand all thepower of the water wheel and otherwise would burn out. Cutting thegovernor out at friction load gate opening, some-v times prevents the'bursting of the penstock or flume on high heads, by allowing a certainamount of water to rush through the wheel at that time.

The lever X is pivotally connected to theI gate movement stem 55, and toa fixed pivot X2. Rod Zis connected to lever X by a link Z2. rlhis givesa greatly reduced motion to.

rod Z, in respect to-gate movement. Rod Z isv supported by suitablekeepers Z3 and'Zt, and a lever 45 is pivoted'to the upper end of rod Z.If the governor balls hold contact at a. certain position, at a certainspeed, then it can `be seen that if the'gate moves toward its openingposition, the rod Z will raise slightly and lower contact 45a, and thiswill have the tendency of lowering the speed of the wheel. The oppositeeffect takes place when the gate is moved toward its closing position.

Y is a turnbuckle or double threaded nut, which when turned in onedirection, lengthens the rod Z, and when turned in the other direction,shortens the rod Z. lt willbe unthat proportion of its load,as compared'with the other machines, until readjusted. The reason that thesegovernors can be made to synchronize, or in other words, equalize theirload when operating on alternators running in multiple, is because thegate movement through lever X and rod Z automatically changes theposition of contact 45a, l.so as to have a tendency to lower the speedmore on the generator which has the most load, than on the others. Theopposite is true when the load is reduced on the generators. .When it isdesired to have absolutely constant speed from friction load to fullload, the link Z2 can be taken off and rod Z bolted securely to keepersZ4 and Z3. In cases where synchronous generators operate in cultiple, itis a known fact that it is desirable .to have all the generatorsdecrease in speed about two per cent. from friction load to full load,in order to get the'ge'nerators to equalize their load. vIt should herealso be stated that irridium has been found most satisfactory for thefloating contacts and platinum for the relay contacts, but

platinum may also be used for the floating' contacts.l

Summary 07E operation-When the water wheel is running at thepredetermined desired speed, the contact holder or lever 45 will be heldin its intermediate position, the three'primary contacts 45a, 2 and owill be held out of engagement as shown in Fig. 1, and the brake 28 willbe held in its intermediate or idle position, out of Contact with therotating friction disks 23 and 27. If the speed of the water wheelincreases above the predetermined desired speed, the centrifugallyactuated balls 34 will move outward and cause the shaft 37 andcontactholder 45 to move downward, thereby moving the `intermediate primarycontact 45a into engagement with the `lower primary -Contact o, and thusallowing the electricity 'to flow through the coil or winding c, Thismagnetizes core o, lowers armature lever E,

and when said armature E is thus lowered by said core, it closes. thecircuit between contacts J-B, and thus causes the electricity, from the,generator 33, to How through the right hand brake-actuating magnet coil32, by way of wires and 7a. As already described, when the right handbrake actuating secondary magnet 32 is energized, the brake 28 is drawnAtoward the right and, 'through the different' 'ate actuating gear,

tion. The water passing to the wheel possesses such inertia that it cannot respond quickly to changes in the position of the gate and could,not change the speed of the wheel, or rather, bring the speed of thewheel to the predetermined desired speed, before the gate would havepassed the correct position for the new load and, hence, would produceracing of the wheel. This, however, is prevented by the action of thedash pot 54 and piston 5G (of Athe antiracing device), the former ofwhich is connected to and moves downward vwith the rack 13, when saidrack is moved downward, in the act of closing the gate. This downwardmovement of the dash pot 54 carries the piston 56 and its rod 57downward and causes the lower lug 58 to move the lever 49 downward andthereby separate the contact Iv, which it carries, from the intermediateprimary contact 45a, before the gate G has been moved too far. When thecircuit is thus broken between the said contact members o and 45, thecoil o is denergized, the spring G draws the armature E upward, breakingthe circuit between the contact J-B, with the result that the right handbrake magnet 32 is denergized, the brake 28 is thrown into vitsinoperative intermediate position by its centering device 30-31, andfurther downward movement of the rack t3 and closing movement of theV-thus' stopped, further downward movement of the dash pot 54 and piston56 will also be stopped, for the reason that said dashpot is fixed to orcarried by the said rack. When the rack 13 is moved upward, it carriesthe piston 56- and its stem upward, and causing the upper lug 58 toraise the upper lever 48 and move the contact t out of engagement withthe contact lever 45, thereby breaking the circuit at that point, beforethe gate is moved too far, in the direction of its wide open position.This timely stopping of the upward movement of the rack 13, also, ofcourse, stops further upward movement of the dash pot 54, p iston 56 andlever 48, so that the spring r5l (preferably assisted by gravity of theparts) then Vstarts movingthe upper lever 48 and contact 2? downward toits normal position, to-wit, to a position in which said lever engagesthe stop 52. The pipe valve, so-called, operates the same .both underupwardand downward move- '55 nearly so, saidldash pot will be in araised and moving the same into engagement with` vthe contact t, therebyclosing the circuit at that point and causing electricity to flowthrough the coil or windings b. When the coil b is energized, itmagnetizes the core n,

c thus causing thearmature F, against the action of the left hand springGr, to move downwardand close the circuit between the contacts H-A- Whenthe circuit is closed between the contacts 'H-A electricity from thegenerator 33 iowsthrough the coil of the left hand brake controllingmagnet 32, by way of wires lw and j. Also, as already described, whenthe left hand brake-actuating magnet 32 is energized, the brake 28 ismoved toward the left, thereby, through the differential gate actuatinggear, causing the rack 13 to move upward and the gate 6 to be movedtoward its wide open position. J ust as soon as the dash pot stops, theaction of the spring 51, (assisted preferably by gravity of the parts) startsmoving the upper lever 48 .downward and continues such movementuntil it strikes the stop 52. rllhis downward movement of. the lever`48, of4

course, carries the pist-on 56 downward with it and contacts t and ountil they are in their central position. lf the contacts t and v shouldbe carried too far away or upward from their normal positions, thepiston 56 would pass above the partition 61 of the pipe valve 59, andthe oil or other liquid within the dash pot 54 may then flow freelythrough the upper slots 62, and thus allow the piston to return morefreely and quickly to its normal position, to-wit, to a position inwhich Ithe levers 49and 48 bear against the stop 52. lt will thus beseen that the anti-racing device made up of the dash pot 54 and piston56 is self adjusting to vdifferent positions of the rac-k 13, and,consequently to dierent positions of the gate 6. Otherwise stated, aftereach gate adjusting action, the piston 56 is returned to its centered ornormal position with respect to the sovcalled pipe valve 59 and itspartition 6l, while the dash pot may assume various different positionsin respect to said piston. .Stated in another way, if the working loadof the water wheel be very light, so that the' gate 6 is opened butslightly, dash "pot 54 will be ina lowered position, while if theworking load on the water wheel is very heavy, 'so that the gate 6 iswidev open or position withrespect to the positionshown in the drawings,but the piston56 will stand in yits centered positionwith respectto the'pipe valve 59, in both instances, as long asl the predetermined desired4speed of the water wheel is maintained.v

The expression gearing or power driven gearing as herein used todesignate the mechanism by which the power con- Y trolling element ofthe motor is adjusted, is

Maase@ generator@ The generator above described,

is driven from the water wheel shaft 5 through thebelt 43, which runsover a small pulley on the shaft of the armature 62. The lever 45 whichcarries the intermediate oating contact, is in this case, intermediatelymounted on a Xed pivot, and at its outer end, it carries a core 67.rl`he core 67 has a piston 68 that works in a dash pot .69 for retardingmovements of the said core. rlhe cylinder or dash pot 69 has a by-pass70 that connects the `lower and upper ends thereof. A solenoid 71surrounds the core 67, and the lever 45 is preferably provided with acounter-weight 72. The s lip rings 65 and 66 are connected by wires 73and 74 to the opposite terminals of the solenoid 71 through anelectrical resistanceor impedance, preferably in the form of a smallrheostat, made up of a series of electricallyv rused in a broad senseand is not limited to l X. This bar 7 7 is preferably provided with alturn buckle 78, by means of which the movable contact 76 may be adjustedvertically in respect to the lever X.

The operation .of this modified construction in so far-as it differsfrom that of the complete apparatus above described,l is substantiallyas follows: If the -speed of the water wheel is reduced, the speed ofthe generator, to-wit, of the armature 62 thereof, will becorrespondingly reduced, and the voltage of the said generator islowered, al# lowing the core 67 to drop, and this raises the contact45"1L until it engages contact t,

and thereby causes the governor to move the creases, the speed'of thesaid generator increases, and the increasing 'voltage thus produced,raises the core 67and 'lowers the conv gate of the water wheel in itsopening dii rection. If the speed of the water wheel inspeed of saidmotor will influence said relay sistance devices, when the gate of thewater wheel opens, it cuts out niore resistance inl and this hastendency to make the said main generator take a little more load.

The expression electrical relay is herein used to mean an electricaldevice whereby the opening or closing of one circuit correspondinglyopens or closes another and more 'powerful circuit; and for thezsake ofdeinition, the iirst 'or relatively weak circuitfis herein treated asthe controlling circuit and the relatively powerful circuit is treatedas the actuating circuit.

'What l claim is: v l. The combination with a motor having a speedcontrolling element, of a controlling circuit, an actuating `circuit,`anelectrical relay whereby opening or closing of said controlling circuitwill correspondingly open or close rsaid actuating circuit, meanssubject to said" actuating circuit for adjusting the said speedlcontrollingelement of said motor, and means whereby vchanges in throughsaid vcontrolling circuit, said latter means comprising la generator anda variable resistaiice in circuit therewith, and connections wherebysaid variabler resistance will be adjusted rmovements of the said speedcontrollingeleinent of said motor.'`

2. rl`he combination with a motor having a speed controlling element, ofa controll ling circuit, an actuating circuit, an electrical relaywhereby opening or closing of said controlling circuit willcorrespondingly vopen or close said actuating circuit, means includinmagnets in said actuating circuit t) o A for adjusting the speedcontrolling element of said motor, three coperating contacts for openingand closing said controlling circuit, an electrical generator subject tochanges in speed of said motor, an electromagnet and variable resistancecircuit with said generator, connections whereby said latter vnotedmagnet will nieve one of the said three contacts orn said controllingcircuit, and connections whereby vsaid variable resistance will beadjusted by Inoveinents of the speed controlling element of said motor.

3. The combination with a motor having a speed controlling element, of acontrolling circuit, an actuating circuit, an electrical relay wherebyopening ror closing of said controlling' circuit will correspondinglyopen er close said actuating circuit, means including magnets in 'saidactuating circuit for adjusting the speed controlling element of saidmotor, three cooperating contacts for opening land closingsaidcontrolling cir-r cuit, an electrical generator subject to changes inspeed of said motor, an electromagnet and variable resistance in circuitwith .said generator, connections whereby said latter noted magnet willmove oiieof the said three contacts of said controlling rcircuit,connections whereby said variable resistance will'be adjusted bymovements of the speed controlling element of said motor, and ananti-racing device adjusted by the speed controlling element of saidmotor, and in turn, regulating the relative adjustments oit theI threecontacts of said controlling circuits.

j ln testimony whereof l aliiX my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

Jona natascia.

lVitnessesz,

H. LAGRANDEUR,

ResEE LA GRANDnnn,

